Student’s Name
University
Course
Professor
Date
With each intricate movement we make, we often take for granted the delicate symphony of neurons and muscles orchestrating our motor function; however, when infirmities impede this harmonious cooperation, the outcomes are far-reaching and require our attention. Disorder of motor function entails a broad spectrum of conditions, disrupting the regular operation of the human body’s movement system. These infirmities can manifest in numerous ways, affecting coordination, muscle strength, balance, and overall motor control. One ordinary example is cerebral palsy, a neurological infirmity frequently arising in infancy or early childhood, impairing muscle tone and coordination, resulting in difficulties in voluntary movement (Gulati & Sondhi, 2018). Another great infirmity is Parkinson’s disease, a progressive degenerative status distinguished by the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain, leading to tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (Bloem et al., 2021). These infirmities not only interfere with an individual’s ability to perform everyday duties but also influence their quality of life and social interactions. Comprehending the underlying procedures and creating an effectual treatment for a disorder of motor function is essential for enhancing the lives of those impacted by the conditions. This essay will explore a case study of John, who is 63-year-old, receiving home care from an occupational therapist twice a week, eventually discussing the type of motor disease that John is demonstrating, the difference between a resting tremor and an intention tremor, the advantage of combining levodopa with carbidopa, the benefit of anticholinergic drugs in the management of Parkinson disease, the substantia nigra and the nigrostriatal pathways and why they are anatomically, and why does the patient have a masklike facial expression.
Based on the case study, John demonstrates manifestations of Parkinson’s infirmity, a neurodegenerative motor disorder. The resting tremor mentioned suggests one of the features of symptoms of Parkinson’s disorder, where involuntary shaking or trembling happens while the muscles are at rest, customarily impacting the hands, arms, or legs. The critical difference between a resting and an intentional tremor lies in their event during distinct states of muscle activity. As indicated in the case study, a resting tremor happens when the muscles are at rest and tends to subside or reduce during voluntary movement (Deuschl et al., 2022). In comparison, an intentional tremor manifests during purposeful movements or when an individual tries to act on a particular action, like reaching for an object or writing. Unlike a resting tremor, an intentional tremor generally becomes more pronounced with motions and can impact the accuracy and control of fine motor skills (Benito‐León et al., 2019). In John’s scenario, his occupational therapist is engaging adaptive methods to assist him in coping with the resting tremor so that he can progress to perform activities requiring using his hands, like writing, using the computer, and cooking simple meals. In addition, his wife equips support for his mobility and helps him in duties like opening prescription bottles to ensure he can take his directed medication, including a combination of levodopa and carbidopa customarily used to handle manifestations of Parkinson’s infirmity.
Combining levodopa with carbidopa offers a crucial advantage in treating Parkinson’s infirmity. Levodopa is a medication that assists in replenishing the levels of dopamine in the brain, equipping relief from motor manifestations like tremors, stiffness, and bradykinesia (SHAH et al., 2020). Moreover, levodopa is metabolized into dopamine outside the brain, leading to restricted amounts reaching the aimed target. This results in undesirable side effects and the need for higher doses, causing complications over time. Conversely, Carbidopa, an enzyme inhibitor called DOPA decarboxylase, converts levodopa into dopamine outside the brain (Lenka et al., 2022). By combining levodopa with carbidopa, the peripheral metabolism of l
Order this paper