“Dietary fat, whether saturated or not, is not a cause of obesity, heart disease or any other chronic disease of civilization.” Dr. Joanne Murabito. Cardiovascular alteration is the change in the regular performance of the heart and the blood vessels leading to numerous health conditions (Tarumi & Zhang, 2018). The alteration can stretch from lenient to extreme, affecting people of all ages. Various types of cardiovascular alteration include heart failure, coronary artery, hypertension, and arrhythmias, and they can be generated by agents like genetic predisposition, underlying health condition, and lifestyle choices. During the treatment of cardiovascular alteration, various methods are applied, including a combination of medications and modifying lifestyle, but for extreme cases, surgery is recommended (Carneiro & Zanella, 2018). Unmasking and managing the alterations on time is essential for minimizing complications, hence improving the quality of life for affected individuals. This essay will explore a case study of a 16-year-old male present for sports participation examination and describe the diagnosis and prescription for the patient, explaining the impacts of genetics on the diagnosis and prescription of treatment for the patient.
From the patient’s history and physical examination, the grade II/Vi systolic murmur heard loudest at the apex of the heart indicates the probability of an underlying cardiovascular condition. An additional diagnostic test is pledged, including an electrocardiogram and an echocardiogram, necessary for evaluating any structural or electrical malformation of the heart (Finocchiaro et al., 2020). From the results of the test, additional cardiac testing like stress tests and cardiac catheterization may be designated. From the case scenario, it is clear that the patient collapsed having subsequent death, urgent evaluation and treatment should begin. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation would be appropriate for the patient with unexpected cardiac arrest, and newfangled life support measures are also appropriate, including intravenous medications and airway management (Kim et al., 2019). The underlying cause of cardiac arrest determines the necessity for further management and treatment, including medication, lifestyle modifications, and surgical interventions. Rapid and extensive evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of prospective underlying cardiac ambiance is vital for the prevention of sudden cardiac events in young athletes. A meticulous pre-participation examination involving a circumstantial history of cardiovascular and physical examination can be helpful for identifying individuals at maximized risk for sudden cardiac events preventing calamitous results like the one in the scenario.
From the above case scenario, the patient’s family history was described as having no risks for premature cardiac death. Genetics execute a notable role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular conditions. Inherited genetic alteration increases the risk of an individual getting cardiac diseases, including cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, and unexpected cardiac death (Scrocco et al., 2021). A comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s family history, including any cardiac-related death, should have been promised. From the case scenario, the patient presented a murmur during the sport participation examination, which should give rise to more evaluation of cardiac involving electrocardiogram and echocardiogram. In addition, a genetic test may also be essential in some cases to identify any underlying genetic alteration contributing to the cardiac condition, and identification of a genetic alteration can impact the prescription of treatment for the patient. Some genetic alterations can be managed through medication and modification of lifestyle, reducing the risk of unexpected cardiac death, and to an extent, a genetic test would be appropriate for the family members to ascertain individuals at risk for cardiac disease providing necessary screening and treatment (Al-Khatib et al., 2018). Genetics can also execute an essential role in diagnosing and treating cardiac alterations, where a comprehensive evaluation of family history and possibly genetic testing may be promising for the patient in the above case scenario, preventing calamitous results like cardiac death.
Cardiovascular alteration is the change in the regular performance of the heart and the blood vessels leading to numerous health conditions, extending from permissive to extreme, affecting pe
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