My track is related to Advanced Registered Nursing Practice, specifically Family Nursing Practice. This paper will provide a conceptual framework, a theoretical model of the Need Theory – grand nursing theory, and transition theory – a middle nursing theory that is essential for my practice.
The Need Theory defines the role of nursing and the approach to care emphasized by the practice. It was chosen due to my belief that nursing should help individuals at times when their independence in achieving basic needs is threatened. At the same time, transition theory helps define the time or situations in which nursing is necessary and acts as an intervention guideline for care.
The fundamental objective of Virginia Henderson’s Needs Theory, which was developed in 1966, was realizing that all individuals have 14 basic requirements. These needs are unique in terms of nursing care and treatment. This is the notion I find most appropriate to my own philosophy of patient care, which holds that individuals must be treated and cared for as individuals. Having realized that therapy should be tailored to the patient and his or her specific requirements has allowed me to create deeper and more lasting connections with my patients.
Like others in the nursing profession, I have accepted the attitude that one should treat people as one would like to be cared for and how one would treat an ill or passing family member. Basically, I want to treat my patients how I would like my sick relative to be treated. I am also able to accept and adapt to various lifestyles, religious beliefs, cultural variations, and ethical distinctions due to the variety of the numerous regions of the nation in which I have lived and the different faiths to which I have belonged.
The Need Theory was designed to define the patient-centered emphasis of nursing as a profession. It focuses on strengthening the independence of patients throughout the treatment process, particularly following hospital release. The approach emphasizes the significance of meeting human needs and the role that nurses should play in it.
Grand nursing theories provide a comprehensive framework for tackling complicated nursing thoughts and concepts. These categories of nursing theories provide abstract and broad notions regarding the various components of the nursing metaparadigm, such as health, environment, individual, and nursing.
According to Henderson, the definition of nursing is a “concept,” with nursing actions separated into fourteen elements that correspond to the requirements of their patients (Smith & Gullett, 2020). The concept of the Need Theory identified the roles of health practitioners as substitutive, complementary, and supplemental, all of which aim to assist patients in achieving maximum independence (Smith & Gullett, 2020).
Within the substitute position, nurses must carry out certain duties in place of their patients. In the complementary role, healthcare practitioners are required to establish successful strategies with their patients for addressing their healthcare risks and obstacles. In the supplemental role, nurses assist their patients in gaining independence and making well-informed choices to improve their health outcomes.
Henderson saw the nursing process as dynamic and using a rational approach to problem-solving (Smith & Gullett, 2020). The theory is adaptable and may be used by nurses in a variety of care settings by customizing the model to the specific requirements of each patient. Patients must be taught how to achieve independence and care for themselves throughout the healing process (Smith & Gullett, 2020). Since all patients wish to be healthy, nurses serve as facilitators and helpers and focus their work on meeting patients’ needs. The nurse aids the patient, whether he or she is sick or not, in doing actions that promote health, recovery, or a peaceful death (Potter et al., 2021).
The aim of the nursing process is to achieve this as quickly as feasible, and independence is the desired outcome. This procedure is managed by the nurse independently of doctors.
As a profession, nursing may be judged based on the degree to which it allows the person to perform each of these duties independently.
The importance of Henderson’s model resides in the theorists’ advice to improve the quality of treatment for patients and to encourage their autonomy.
The nursing care is provided to achieve patient autonomy in relation to the following:
breathing
eating and drinking
elimi
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