Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a class of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. It is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing significant challenges to healthcare systems. The impact of cardiovascular disease extends beyond individual health, influencing the overall quality of care, patient safety, and incurring substantial costs to healthcare systems. Effective management involves timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and ongoing monitoring to prevent complications. The complexity of CVD care requires a multidisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals, emphasizing the need for well-coordinated and integrated services to ensure optimal patient outcomes (Yan et al., 2019) . Failure to provide high-quality care can lead to increased morbidity and mortality rates among affected individuals. Patients with cardiovascular disease often face a range of complications, and safety concerns become paramount in their care. Medication management, surgical interventions, and postoperative care require meticulous attention to detail to prevent adverse events.
The economic burden of cardiovascular disease is substantial, encompassing direct medical costs, indirect costs related to productivity loss, and the financial toll of disability and premature death. The management of CVD requires significant financial resources, including diagnostic procedures, medications, interventions, and long-term rehabilitation. Furthermore, the indirect costs associated with decreased work productivity and the need for caregiver support contribute to the economic strain on healthcare systems. Nurses play a pivotal role in supporting patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) within the healthcare framework. Through diligent monitoring, education, and empathetic communication, nurses contribute significantly to patient well-being (Eze et al., 2020). Regular assessment of vital signs, medication adherence, and lifestyle modifications enables early detection and intervention, preventing complications. Patient education, delivered in a clear and accessible manner, empowers individuals to actively participate in their care by understanding and implementing prescribed interventions.
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