Despite its effectiveness, there are specific contraindications and precautions to consider when using nitroglycerin. Individuals with severe anemia, hypotension (low blood pressure), closed-angle glaucoma, severe head injuries, or those taking erectile dysfunction drugs like Cialis, Levitra, and Viagra should not take nitroglycerin. These conditions can interact negatively with nitroglycerin and may result in adverse effects or complications. Common side effects of nitroglycerin include headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), nausea, and vomiting. These side effects are typically mild and transient, but patients should report any persistent or severe symptoms to their healthcare provider. Nurses and healthcare professionals should educate patients about the importance of adhering to the prescribed nitroglycerin regimen. Patients must continue taking the medication as directed, even if they start feeling better. Abrupt discontinuation of nitroglycerin can lead to rebound effects and worsening symptoms.
To minimize the risk of orthostatic hypotension (a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing), patients should be advised to change positions slowly, particularly when transitioning from lying down or sitting to standing. This precaution helps prevent dizziness or fainting episodes due to a rapid decrease in blood pressure. In summary, nitroglycerin is an essential medication in treating coronary artery disease. Promoting vasodilation and improving blood flow to the coronary arteries helps alleviate symptoms and reduce the workload on the heart. However, it is essential to consider contraindications, potential side effects, and the need for consistent adherence to the prescribed treatment regimen. Healthcare professionals, including nurses, are crucial in educating patients about nitroglycerin usage and ensuring patient safety throughout treatment (Lilley, 2020).
Hubert, R. (2018). Gould’s pathophysiology for the health professions (6th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences (US).
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