| In the United States, the four fundamental concepts of bioethics are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, all of which are intertwined and interdependent. In many cultures, autonomy is seen as the most important characteristic, followed by kindness, non-maleficence, and justice (White,2020). In this case, the concept of autonomy should be prioritized since it underlines the need of always respecting the patient and parents’ autonomy and never interfering with it. Respect for the autonomy is more than a state of mind; it is a way of doing that recognizes and even promotes the patient’s capacity to care for himself or herself (White,2020). According to the case study, the doctor met with the patient’s family to discuss the treatment options for acute renal failure and hypertension. But it did not seem that the physician provided the parents with an informed choice, nor did he underline the seriousness of the consequences or the need of treating an acute disease that was potentially reversible with therapy. Because of the lack of information, the relatives were unable to make informed decisions about the treatment choices available to them, and they were forced to turn to their religious beliefs for guidance. The principle of beneficence that promotes the benefit of the patient while also taking proactive steps to prevent and remove harm from the patient was taken in consideration (McCormick, 2018). The patient’s parents placed their confidence in the health-care system when they decided to admit him to the hospital, believing that it was in the patient’s best interests at the moment. The physician was legally required to work in the best interests of the patient in order to give value to them while also preventing and alleviating any complication or issues that may arise. Blood pressure management and dialysis were included in the treatment plan, which may have been implemented after the patient had signs and symptoms of acute renal failure that may have been reversed with hospital treatment. |