Pharmacotherapy in Cardiovascular Diseases
The presented scenario of patient AO is referred as hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The client takes simvastatin, atenolol, doxazosin, sertraline, and hydralazine. The patient current condition reveals having obese and has recently added almost 9 pounds. More so, with such description, the client is vulnerable of developing a cardiovascular disease.
Risk Factor
The patient’s condition is catalyzed by oneself behavior that put her in obese condition as well as rapid gaining of weight within a short time. Besides, the body condition is linked with consumption of processed food rich in calories. Still, it shows that the patient does not engage in physical excesses. Obese condition is defined as the accumulation of grease within intra- abdominal muscles and intravascular space. Mostly, obese condition is linked with hypertensive condition since it involves the accumulation of fats causing activation of the renin angiotensin hence leading to sodium retention as well as increasing renal absorption (Yusuf, et al, 2020)..Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
While having an obese condition it becomes complicated to treat since it has been associated with hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. More so, this results to impair circulation of oxygen and transportation of nutrients thus affecting pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Lack of exercise and leads to fat accumulation in the body leading to deposition of plagues that causes vasoconstriction that causes hypertension occurrence as seen in hypercholesterolemia (Yusuf, et al, 2020). Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
In addition, the achievement of a significant therapeutic outcome in the management of the cardiovascular disease involves understanding of possible risk factors and how they are involves in the management of the illness. In this case, the patient will engage with a new dieting program and switch in to a healthy diet as well as high fiber. Still, the client with employ physical activities to facilitate attainment of healthy remedies. More so, with such a clinical understanding context it will influence decision making on dieting and therapeutic changes to acquire treatment goal. Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
Pharmacodynamics & Pharmacokinetics
According to the AO case it is not clear whether the patient sticks to prescribed medication since she takes other pills on daily basis. According to AHA (American Heart Association), guideline hypertensive patients should be given a combined treatment therapy primarily to minimize noncompliance and side effects. More so, the patient is at risk of hydralazine associated SLE. In addition, combination of atenolol and doxazosin synergistic effects such as the blocking of alpha 1 receptor that leads to dilation of blood vessels thus reducing peripheral resistance. Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
Improving the Drug Therapy Plan
The patient medication plan has different area that requires improving. For instance, AO’s prescription includes atenolol that is characterized as a Beta-blocker. A beta blocker act by blocking the effects of adrenaline which influences vasodilation, lowers blood pressure, and improve blood flow. More so, Beta blockers plays a major role in hyperlipidemia as this is revealed by research. Moreover, the FDA recommendation does not approve this medication as a 1st line drug in management of hypertension. Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
Based on these reasons, atenolol must be discontinued in this patient’s drug therapy. Discontinuation of atenolol should also prompt the discontinuation of hydralazine since the latter is administered alongside a diuretic and a beta-blocker. The FDA recommends diuretics for hypertension 1st line managements. For this patient, a daily dose of is the most appropriate. Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases.
Based on this argument, use of atenolol must be halted in the patient prescription. Also, discontinuation of this drug should be accompanied by discontinuation of hydrazine since this is taken alongside a beta blocker and a diuretic. More so, the FDA approves the use of diuretics as a hypertension 1st drug. In this case, the patient will take a daily dose of12.5mg hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) since it the most effective. On the other hand, thiazide diuretic, HCTZ works within the renal system by reducing the reabsorption rate of sodium within the distal convoluted. A
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