Cyberbullying has severe effects on both children and adults. As mentioned earlier, it causes serious physical, emotional, and psychological stress and pain (Kowalski, Limber, & Agatston, 2012). The embarrassment that comes with cyberbullying prevents many people from seeking help primarily because of the fear of being judged. As a result, their confidence and self-esteem suffer. On the other hand, victims of cyberbullying live in a state of constant worry and fear especially if the bullies have threatened them with physical harm (Menesini & Spiel, 2013). In certain cases, prolonged fear and worry lead to tragic events such as suicide and self-harm (Kowalski et al., 2012). Victims of cyberbullying have low self-esteem, withdraw from family and friends, avoid school and work, and experience changes in personality. For example, the most commonly observed personality changes include isolation, irritability, frequent crying, and depression (Kowalski et al., 2012). Victims of cyberbullying are highly likely to use alcohol and drugs, avoid school, develop anxiety and depression, get poor grades, and have more health problems.
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