Following the validation process, the Nurse Educator Core Competencies were further
categorized within cognitive (knowledge), affective (attitudes and behaviours) and psychomotor
(skills) domains of learning. It is expected that integrating the competency domains and
core competencies within the domains of learning will help facilitate the development of
comprehensive educational programmes, better assessment methods and reduce repetition of
learning outcomes within curricula.
Cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning domains were identified across the eight
competency domains and the related core competencies (Table 1). For example, under
Domain 5: Communication, collaboration and partnership there is one core competency and
three core competencies, which are directed towards a single goal, i.e. to improve nurse
educators’ collaborative communication and partnership. In reality, nurse educators will
merge their knowledge, skills and behaviours in any given situation towards an optimum or
ideal performance. Such performance complexity calls for integration of teaching and learning
domains to reduce repetitious and redundant elements in the design of curricula.Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation Essay
Advocacy means using one’s position to support, protect, or speak out for the rights and interests of another. Nurses have long claimed patient advocacy as fundamental to their practice. The American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics for Nurses and Scope and Standards of Nursing Practice clearly identify nurses’ ethical and professional responsibility for protecting the safety and rights of their patients. State nursing practice acts may establish a legal duty for patient advocacy as well.
Why must nurses advocate?
Patient safety depends on nurse advocacy. Over 10 years ago, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) shocked the nation when it reported in To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System that an amazing 100,000 deaths each year were attributable to medical errors. In 2004, the IOM report Keeping Patients Safe: Transforming the Work Environment of Nurses highlighted the critical role of nurses in safety efforts and challenged organizations to design work environments in which nurses can provide safe care.Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation Essay
Nurses are at the “sharp end” of errors in health care. Because of their proximity and continuity with patients, nurses are often the last opportunity to prevent an error—to spot a mislabeled I.V. bag before it’s infused, to recognize that a patient’s allergy band doesn’t match the medication administration record, to identify slight changes in a patient’s condition that could signal a significant complication.
Keeping Patients Safe urged the establishment of “cultures of safety” within healthcare organizations to achieve safe practice environments. An organization committed to a culture of safety makes safety an explicit priority and responsibility shared by every individual at every level of the organization. Everyone is expected to participate in identifying and resolving safety issues.Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation Essay
Nurse advocacy challenges
Direct-care nurses are poised especially well to identify and speak up about conditions that may result in near misses or actual adverse events. Cultures of safety promote and encourage staff to raise issues, yet most workplace cultures are imperfect and nurses may face challenges in their advocacy efforts. For example:
Nurses may lack communication skills to clearly articulate their concerns in such a manner that others are able to respond. A nurse who complains that “staffing is always unsafe” leaves a supervisor in a poor position to respond. However, by specifically describing the nature of the concern—for example, “I’m concerned that our planned staffing didn’t account for an ICU patient being transferred in and two additional patients being admitted from the ED. How can we adjust to accommodate these changes?”—the problem and potential solutions become clearer.Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation Essay
Nurses may be uncertain about how to address an issue. Reporting structures may vary depending on the issue: a physician who fails to respond adequately to a patient issue at 2:00 A.M.; chronically late medication delivery from the pharmacy; a medical device that repeatedly fails during patient use. The chain of command through departments (risk management, corporate compliance, medical staff) or individuals (direct supervisors, the chief nursing officer) may not be well establis
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