Christopher Johns Model of Reflection

Christopher Johns Model of Reflection: Phases and Step-by-Step Plan

      The plan discussed below can be used by an individual who wants to critically reflect on the activities he/she is performing in his/her daily life. This plan is based on Johns' model of reflection. But, you should also know that this can be less or more relevant depending on the context and situation.             Step 1: Describe experiences The first step to be followed in Johns Model of Reflection is describing your own experience that you felt at during the situation. It can be done by answering different questions. For example –          

• • Phenomenon

   

• • Casual

   

• • Context

   

• • Explain

          Step 2: Reflection The next step focuses on the reflection. You may answer the below-illustrated questions to complete this section:          

• • What were you trying to do?

   

• • What approach did you follow? And Why?

   

• • What consequences were there because of your actions?

   

• • How did you felt when the situation took place?

   

• • How did others feel during the incident/situation?

   

• • How do you come to know what others were thinking during the situation?

          Step 3: Influencing factors The third step is the influencing factors. It deals with the factors which influence the situation when it takes place. Few questions to be answered in the Johns' model of reflection:          

• • What external and internal factors affect the decision at the time of experience?

   

• • What knowledge sources were available?

   

• • What information and sources might have affected your choice?

          Step 4: Alternate ways to deal with the situation This section deals with determining the areas to be improved for the situation. Here, you are required to answer the below-given questions:          

• • What alternatives do you have?

   

• • What consequences were tangled in those alternatives?

   

• • Have you measured all the identified options?

   

• • Have you chosen the best option?

          Step 5: Learning The fifth and the last step in Johns Model of Reflection are learning from areas that need to be improved. The questions included in this section are:          

• • What all have changed because of the experience?

   

• • How do you feel now about my experience?

   

• • What other approaches can be better for that situation?

   

• • How the experience has changed your knowledge? Explain it in any of the following ways:

   

• • Ethical – moral knowledge

   

• • Empirical – scientific

   

• • Aesthetic – the art of what we do, your own experiences

   

• Personal – self-awareness

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